Learn English Follow Tie Rou

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Passage 21 Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do--especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. "It's amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves," he says. "Resumes arrive with stains. Some candidates don't bother to spell the company's name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate, "Crossley conclude. "if they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job " Can we pay too much attention to details Absolutely. perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. "To keep from losing the forest for the trees," says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, "We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we're working on fit into the larger picture. If they don't, we should drop them and move to something else." Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. "The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time, "says Garfield. "But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary." knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake. Too often we believe what accounts for others' success is some special secret or a lucky break. But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow. 1. According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected _______. A) because they eliminated their names from the applicants' list themselves B) because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume C) because they failed to give a detailed description of their background in their applications D) because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume 2. The word "perfectionists" (Para.3,Line1) refers to those who _________. A) pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives B) know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances C) demand others to get everything absolutely right D) are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do 3. Which of the following is the author's advice to the reader A) Careless applicants are not to be trusted. B) Don't forget details when drawing pictures. C) Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it D) Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked. 4. The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that ________. A) minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives B) keeping one's goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked C) adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work D) failure is the mother of success 5. The best title for this passage would be _______. A) Don't Be a Perfectionist B) Details and Major Objectives C) Importance of Adjustments D) Hard Work Plus Good Luck Passage 21:D A D B B

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Passage 22 We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After a11,it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade ! Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one spect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning. In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal. 1.In the passage the author's attitude towards "mixed-ability teaching", is______ A)critical B)questioning C)approving D)objective 2.By"held back",(Line 1)the author means______, A) made to remain in the same classes B) forced to study in the lower classes C)drawn to their studies D)prevented from advancing 3.The author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the student's_______ A) personal qualities and social skills B)total personality C)learning ability and communicative skills D)intellectual ability 4.Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph A)Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others. B)Pupils aim learn to develop their reasoning abilities. C)Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers. D)Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities. 5.The author's purpose of writing this passage is to A) argue for teaching bright and not-| -bright pupils in the same class B) recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities C)offer advice on the proper use of the library D)emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching Passage 22: B C B A C

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道谢 & 道歉 & 赞美 & 抱怨 Saying Thank You 道谢 When someone invites you for dinner, you can bring flowers,candy or a bottle of wine. Sometimes people send a thank you note to the host or hostess a few days after the event. 1.A: I'd better be going. B: So soon? Why don't you stay a little longer? A: I wish I could, but it's already late. B: Oh, it's a shame that you have to leave. A: Thank you for a wonderful meal. B: I'm glad you enjoyed it. 2.A: I really must be going now. B: But you just got here. Can't you stay a little longer? A: That's very nice of you, but I really can't. B: Well, it's too bad that you have to go. A: Thanks very much. It was a great party! B: It was our pleasure. 3.A: I think it's about time we got going. B: What? Already? Won't you have more coffee? A: I'd love to, but I have to get up early tomorrow. B: Oh! I'm sorry. I wish you could stay. A: Thank you for a very enjoyable evening. B: Don't mention it. I hope you can come again soon. 4.A: I really should be on my way. B: Oh, not yet! At least have one for the road. A: No. Thanks all the same. B: Well, I'm sorry you have to leave so early. A: Thank you very much. We really had a good time. B: Well, thank you for coming. Apologizing 道歉 Sometimes it is necessary to tell someone bad news gently. 1.A: I'm afraid I spilled coffee on the tablecloth. B: Oh, don't worry about it. A: I want to apologize. Is there anything I can do? B: Just forget about it. I never did like it anyway. 2.A: I'm really sorry, but I seem to have misplaced your scarf. B: Oh, that's all right. A: I'm very sorry. Can I get you another one? B: No. Forget about it. It's not important. 3.A: I'm sorry, but I can't find the book you lent me. B: That's OK. A: I really feel bad about it. Let me buy you a new one. B: No. Don't be silly. I wouldn't dream of letting you do that. 4.A: I feel terrible, but I've just broken your ashtray. B: It's nothing to get upset about. A: I don't know what to say. I'd like to replace it. B: No. It's out of the question. Giving Compliments 赞美 Friends often compliment one another on clothes, especially if the clothes are new. 1.A: What a beautiful sweater! B: Do you think it looks good on me? A: Yes, and it goes beautifully with your pants. B: You won't believe it, but it was really cheap. A: I wish I could find one just like it. 2.A: I like your new coat. B: Do you think it fits OK? A: Yes. It looks terrific! B: I bought it at half price. A: You were lucky to find it. 3.A: That's a very nice jacket. B: Does it really look OK? A: Yes, and I like the color too. It matches your hat. B: And I got it on sale. A: That's incredible! 4.A: I love that shirt. B: Do you really like it? A: Yes, it fits perfectly. B: It wasn't very expensive either. A: That's amazing! It sure looks expensive. Complaining 抱怨 It's a good idea to be as polite as possible even when complaining about something. 1.A: I wish you wouldn't play the TV so loud. B: Sorry. Where you trying to sleep? A: Yes, And while I think of it, please ask when you want to borrow my records. B: I'm sorry. You're right. I should have asked. 2.A: Do you think you could keep the noise down? B: I'm sorry. Am I keeping you awake? A: Yes. And another thing, would you mind not making long distance calls. B: I'm sorry. I thought you wouldn't mind. 3.A: That radio's pretty loud. Could you turn it down, please? B: Sorry. Was I disturbing you? A: Yes. And something else, please don't borrow my clothes without asking. B: Sorry. I guess I wasn't thinking. I won't do it again. 4.A: You don't have to play that record so loud, do you? B: I'm sorry. Has it been bothering you? A: Yes. And please ask me the next time you want to use something. B: I'm sorry. I meant to ask you. 打电话 & 预约 Making a Telephone Call 打电话 The telephone system in the United States, as in many other countries, has a special number for each region of the country. It is called as "area code". If you know the area code and the phone number, it's usually cheaper to dial the number yourself. Of course, you must go through an operator to make person-to-person or cllect calls. You can dial direct to many countries overseas or you can ask for the overseas operator. 1.A:Operator. B:I'd like to make a collect call to Los Angeles. That's area code 213-486-2435. A:And what's the name of the person you want to speak to? B:Susan Greene. 2.A:Operator. B:Yes, Operator. I'd like to place a person-to-person call to Chicago. The number is 932-8647, but I don't know the area code. A:Who do you want to speak to? B:I'll speak to anyone at extension 214. 3.A:Operator. B:I want to make a person-to-person call to 212-836-1725. A:And the name of the person you're calling, please? B:Ed Cooper. That's C double O-P-E-R. 4.A:Operator. B:Operator, I'd like to place a call to Winnipeg, Cananda. The number is 932-0806. A:What's the name of the party you're calling? B:I'm not sure of the name, but the extension is 211. (续） When using a public telephone, be sure to read the directions carefully before dialing. 1.A:Hello. Can I speak to Yolanda, please? B:Hold on, please. A:Thank you. B:Sorry, but she's out. A:Would you tell her Tom Gray called? B:I'd be glad to. 2.A:Hello. Is Marie Ward there, please? B:I'll see if she's in. A:OK. B:I'm afraid she's not here. A:Could you give her a message, please? B:Yes, of course. 3.A:Hello. Is Mrs. James in, please? B:Hang on, please. A:All right. B:I'm sorry, but I think she's stepped out. A:Would you ask her to call Larry Ruskin at 836-2550? B:Certainly. 4.A:Hello. Could I please speak to Miss Davis? B:Just a minute, please. A:Thanks. B:She's not at here desk right now. A:Could you tell her to give Doug a call when she gets back? She has my number. B:Sure. Making an Appointment 预约 It is usually necessary to make an appointment with a doctor, dentist or lawyer. You should call as far in advance as possible. 1.A: Would Dr. Block be able to see me at 9:30 tomorrow? B: I'm sorry, but she won't have any openings until 11:00, unless there's a cancellation. A: Would 1:00 be convenient? B: Yes, she's free then. 2.A: I wonder if the dentist could fit me in early tomorrow? B: I'm afraid there's nothing availavle before noon. A: How about 12:45? B: Sorry, but she's busy then too. 3.A: I'd like to make an appointment with Professor Smith. Would 9:00 tomorrow be all right? B: I'm afraid not. She doesn't have any openings in the morning. A: Could I possibly make it early in the afternoon? B: Nol That's not good either. But give me your number and I'll call you if somebody cancels. 4.A: Do you think the doctor could see me tomorrow before 9:30? B: She won't be in until 10:45, so the earliest would be 11:00. A: How would 12:45 be? B: Just a second. I'll have to check.

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在快餐馆 & 一日三餐 Fast food restaurants are popular in the United States for quick, inexpensive meals or snacks. You order your food and take it to a table yourself. If you order your food "to go", you take it out of the restaurant. Tipping is not necessary in this kind of restaurant. 美国的快餐馆因快速供应便宜的饭菜和小吃而深受欢迎。 你得自己定购食品，自己端到餐桌上。 如果你定购“带走”的食品，你还可以拿出店外。在这种餐馆里无需付小费。 1.A: What would you like to eat? B: I'd like a hamburger with lettuce and tomato. A: How about something to drink? B: A Coke, please. A: OK. I'll see if I can get waited on. 2.A: What do you want? B: I think I'll have a piece of apple pie. A: Do you want something to drink? B: Coffee would be fine. A: OK. Sit down and I'll get it. 3.A: What are you going to have? B: I'll try a steak sandwich. A: Can I get you anything to drink? B: Yes, I'd like a chocolate shake. A: That sounds good. I think I'll have the same. 4.A: What can I get you? B: A cheeseburger and an order of french fries would be great. A: Would you like anything to drink? B: I feel like having a Coke. A: That's a good idea. I think I'll join you. 一日三餐 At Breakfast 吃早餐 Coffee shops are popular, reasonably priced restaurants for breakfast, lunch, dinner or just a snack. 咖啡馆是大众化的，价格公道的餐馆。在这里可以吃早餐，午餐和晚餐，也可以只吃点点心。 1.A: You're having coffee, aren't you? B: Yes, I always have coffee in the morning. A: What are you going to have to eat? B: I'm going to order scrambled eggs and toast. What about you? A: That sounds good to me. I'll have the same. 2.A: You'd like coffee, wouldn't you? B: I think I'd rather have tea this morning. A: What else are you going to have? B: Just an English muffin. What are you going to have? A: That sounds good. I'm going to order the same thing. 3.A: You're going to have coffee, aren't you? B: Yes. I could use a cup of coffee. A: Are you going to have anything to eat? B: French toast sounds good. What are you going to order? A: I'll have that too. 4.A: A cup of coffee sounds good, doesn't it? B: Yes, but I think I'll have orange juice first. A: Do you feel like having anything to eat? B: Well, I think I'll try the pancakes. How about you? A: Sounds great. That's just what I feel like having. At Lunch 吃午餐 Lunch is usually served between noon and 2:00. Sandwiches are a very popular quick lunch in both the United States and Canada. 午餐通常从中午供应到下午两点。 在美国和加拿大， 三明治是极大众化的午间快餐食品。 1.A: Please have another sandwich. B: Thank you, but I really can't eat any more. A: You're going to have dessert, aren't you? B: Well, I'll join you if you're having something. 2.A: You'll finish the chicken, won't you? B: No, thank you. I'm trying to cut down. A: Aren't you going to have dessert? B: No, thank you. I just can't eat any more. 3.A: Would you like some more soup? B: No, thank you. It's delicious, but I've had enough. A: Would you like soem dessert? B: Well, maybe I'll have just a small piece of pie. 4.A: Can't you eat the rest of the salad? B: No, thanks. I'm supposed to be on a diet. A: Why don't we have something for dessert? B: I really shouldn't, but I'll have a little ice cream. At Dinner 吃晚餐 Dinner time varies somewhat in the United States. In small towns it may be as early as 5:00, while in large cities it may be as late as 9:00. It's best to call for a reservation in expensive or well-known restaurants. 在美国吃晚餐的时间不尽相同。在小城镇可能早在下午五点就吃晚餐，而在大城市可能晚到九点才吃。如果上高级餐厅或有名的饭店去吃晚饭，最好是先打电话预定。 1.A: Would you like to order now? B: Yes. I'll have the shrimp cocktail to start. A: What would you like for your main course? B: I'll have a sirloin steak, medium rare. 2.A: May I take your order? B: Yes. I'd like a cup of onion soup. A: And what would you like after that? B: I'd like the roast chicken, please. 3.A: Are you ready to order? B: Yes. I'll have the fresh fruit cocktail. A: And for your entree? B: I think I'll try the broiled sole. 4.A: Have you decided what you'd like? B: Yes. First I'll have tomato juice. A: And then? B: I'll have the lamb chops, well-done, please.

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在旅馆 & 在银行 & 在邮局 At a Hotel 在旅馆 Hotel and motel rates vary considerably. In major cities and resort areas, it is advisable to have reservations. 1.A: Do you have any vacancies? B: Yes, we have a nice room on the fourth floor. A: How much is it? B: $45.00 a night, plus t ax. A: Can I see it, please? B: Certainly. Would you come with me? 2.A: Do you have a single room for two nights? B: We only have a small suite. A: What's the rate? B: $50.00 a night, including breakfast. A: Fine. Could you show it to me, please? B: Of course. Just follow me. 3.A: Can I reserve a double room for next week? B: You can have a room facing the ocean. A: How much would it be? B: $55.00, including tax. A: Could I have a look at the room? B: Sure. Come this way, please. 4.A: Do you have a double room with twin beds? B: I can let you have a room in the new wing. A: What's the daily rate? B: $60.00 a night. A: Could you show me something less expensive? B: Yes, of course. Right this way, please. At a Bank 在银行 Banking hours are usually from 9:00 to 3:00, Monday to Friday. Sometimes you can't get service in a bank unless you have an account there. 1.A: I'd like to change these pesos, please. B: How do you want them? A: It doesn't make any difference. B: Did you want anything else? A: Yes, I'd like to open an account. 2.A: Would you cash these travelers checks, please? B: How would you like them? A: In ten dollar bill, please. B: Is there anything else? A: Yes, I'd like to know how to send money to France. 3.A: Could I change these pounds for dollars, please? B: Do you want small bills or large? A: It doesn't matter. B: Do you want anything else? A: Yes, I'd like to know the exchange rate for yen. 4.A: Could you change these for me, please? B: What would you like? A: Twenties and some smaller bills, please. B: Anything else? A: Yes. Could you tell me my balance? Here's my account number. In a Post Office 在邮局 Every mailing address in the United States has a "ZIP code" which should be used whenever possible. Post offices are generally open from 8:30 to 5:00 from Monday to Friday and until noon on Saturday. 美国每一个通信地址都编有邮政号码, 应该尽量加以利用. 邮局的营业时间一般是星期一到星期五的上午8点 半至下午5点半.星期六只营业至中午. 1.A: How much is an airmail letter to Japan? B: I'll have to check. Can I help you with anything else? A: I'd like a 20 cent stamp, please. B: There you are. 2.A: Could you tell me how much it would cost to send this to France by regular mail? B: I'll look it up. Is there anything else? A: Yes. I'd like five airmail stamps. B: Here you are. 3.A: How much would a post card to Brazil be? B: Let me check for you. Do you need anything else? A: Yes. I'd like a book of 20 cent stamps, please. B: Here you are. 4.A: How much more would it cost ot send this special delivery? B: Just a second. I'll have to check that? Anything else I can do for you? A: Yes. I'd like to send a $20.00 money order. B: There you go. 计划晚间的外出活动 & 在鸡尾酒会上 Planning an Evening Out 计划晚间的外出活动 In the United States girls and boys usually begin to go out on "dates" when they are 14 or 15. Typical dates include going to the movies, going dancing or going to a party. 美国的男女孩子通常到十四,五岁时开始外出约会. 典型的约会是看电影,跳舞或参加社交聚会. 1.A: How would you like to go to a movie tonight? B: Thanks for asking, but I don't think so. A: Then what about trying that new Chinese restaurant? B: No. I'd rather stay home and watch TV. 2.A: How about going to see Maria tonight? B: Not tonight. Maybe another time. A: Come on! It would do you good to get out. B: No. I want to get to bed early tonight. 3.A: Let's go roller-skating. B: I really don't feel like it tonight. A: Well, would you like to do anything? B: No. If you don't mind, I'm just going to stay home tonight. 4.A: Why don't we go dancing? B: No. I'm really not in the mood. A: Then why don't we just go out and get something to eat? B: No. I want to stay home tonight for a change. （续） It's OK to make plans with friends at the last minute. It's more polite, however, to make them ahead of time. 临时作出计划约请朋友是可以的,但是提前安排好计划则更为礼貌. 1.A: How about going to hear a country-and-western singer tonight? B: I'd enjoyed that. A: I' pick you up around 8:00. B: OK. I'll see you then. 2.A: Do you feel like going to see Paul and Claire tonight? B: I'd like that very much. A: How does 7:30 sound? B: Fine. See you late. 3.A: Would you like to go to a party tonight? B: That sounds like a good idea? A: Would 7:00 be OK? B: That's fine. I'm looking forward to it. 4.A: Why don't you have dinner with me tonight? B: I'd love to. A: Let's say about 6:00? B: That's OK with me. At a Cocktail Party 在鸡尾酒会上 Cocktail parties are popular for both business and social functiongs. They may be casual or formal and are often held between 6:00 and 8:00 in the evening. Drinks and hors d'oeuvres or snacks are usually served. 为商务和社交的目的举行鸡尾酒会是很普遍的事。酒会可能是非正式的，也可能是正式的，而且经常在晚上六点至八点间举行。酒会上通常招待各种饮料和开胃小吃或点心。 1.A: Come in. It's nice to see you again. B: It's nice to be here. A: Would you care for a drink? B: Just a club soda for me，please. 2.A: Hi! I'm happy you could make it. B: Well, I've been looking forward to seeing you. A: What can I get you? B: I'd love a gin and tonic. 3.A: Good evening, I'm so happy you could come. B: Thank you for inviting me. A: What would you like to drink? B: A glass of white wine would be fine, thank you. 4.A: Hello. It's a pleasure to see you again. B: Thank you. I've been looking forward to your party. A: You'll have a drink, won't you? A: I think I'll have a beer, if you have any.

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运动 & 购物 & 理发 Sports 运动 Both team sports and individual sports are extremely popular in the United States. Don't be afraid to try a sport you haven't played before. People are usually willing to help beginners. 在美国，无论是集体的或个人的运动项目，人们都极其喜爱。对于你以前没有玩过的运动，你不妨试一试。人们通常都乐于帮助初学者。 1.A: Would you like to go running? B: I'd enjoy that. Where would you like to go? A: We could go to the park. There shouldn't be many people there now. B: Good. Just let me change. 2.A: How about going for a bike ride? B: Sure. Where? A: Let's call Harry and ask him. He always knows the best places to go. B: That's a good idea. I'll get ready. 3.A: Let's go swimming. B: OK. Where should we go? A: Why don't we go down to the lake? It's not too far from here. B: Fine. I'll be ready in a minute. 4.A: How about going hiking with us? B: Sounds good to me. Where do you want to go? A: Let's go up to the mountains. It should be beautiful there. B: OK. Just give me a few minutes to get ready. Shopping 购物 Clothing sizes are measured differently in the United States from the way they're measured in countries where the metric system is used. 美国服装尺寸的量法和使用公制单位的国家不一样. 1.A: Are you being helped? B: No. What do you have in brown suede jackets, size 40? A: The closest I have is a 38. B: Do you think you'll be getting any more in? A: No, but they might have them at our other store. 2.A: Is anybody waiting on you? B: No. I'm trying to find a green sweater in extra large. B: We have your size, but not in that color. A: Can you order one for me? B: Certainly. Just give me your name and address. 3.A: Is somebody taking care of you? B: No. I'd like a long-sleeved shirt in yellow, medium. A: I think we're out of your size. B: Well, can you get me one? A: I think so. Check back next week. 4.A: Is anyone helping you? B: No. I'm looking for a navy blue raincoat, size 36. A: I'm afraid we don't have any left. B: Will you be getting more in? A: Yes. Try us again next Monday. Getting a Haircut 理发 Many barber shops or hair stylists now cut both men's and women's hair. Prices vary considerably and it's sometimes necessary to make an appointment. 许多专理男发或女发的理发店现在男女法均理. 理发的价格相差很大,而且有时候理发还需预约. 1.A: How do you want it? B: Cut it short all over. A: Would you like it washed? B: No, thank you. It's OK. 2.A: How would you like it? B: Trim the back, but leave it long on the sides, please. A: Do you want a shampoo? B: No, thanks. 3.A: How would you like me to cut it? B: Just a trim, please. A: Do you want it thinned? B: No, I don't think so, thanks. 4.A: What do you want me to do? B: Not too much off, please. A: Do you want a conditioner? B: No, that's fine, thanks.

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问候健康 & 在医生诊所 Asking About Health 问候健康 People often ask about health out of politeness. This is a very common way to begin a conversation. 人们常常出于礼貌问候健康。这是开始交谈时常说的话题。 1.A: How's your father been? B: He's been out of work for a couple of days. A: What's wrong with him? B: He has a bad cold. A: Well, tell him to take it easy and that I hope he feels better. B: Thanks. I'll tell him. 2.A: Where's Tony this evening? B: He's a little under the weather. A: Really! What's the matter with him? B: He has the flu. A: Tell him I was asking about him. B: I will. 3.A: How's your brother doing? B: As a matter of fact, he hasn't been feeling too well. A: I'm sorry to hear that. What's the matter? B: He has a slight fever. A: Tell him I hope he's better soon. B: I'll tell him. Thanks for asking about him. 4.A: I haven't seen Bob lately. How is he? B: He's still pretty sick. A: That's too bad. What does he have? B: We don't know, but he's going to the doctor tomorrow. A: Let me know if there's anything I can do. B: Thanks a lot. I'll tell him. At the Doctor's Office 在医生诊所 It's usually best to go to a doctor that someones has recommended. In an emergency, you should go directly to the emergency entrance of the nearest hospital. Medical services in the United States are generally very expensive. 平时最好上别人推荐的医生那里去看病。紧急情况下，应该直接去最近医院的急诊室。美国的医疗费普遍昂贵。 1.A: I have a sore throat and my chest hurts. B: How long have you been like this? A: Two or three days now. B: I think you've got the flu. There's a lot of it going around. A: What do you think I ought to do? B: Get this prescription filled and go straight to bed. 2.A: I have the chills and an upset stomach. B: How long have you felt like this? A: For most of the week. B: It sounds as if you have a virus. A: What do you think I should do? B: I'll give you something. I want you to take it easy and come back in a couple of days. 3.A: I feel dizzy and I have a headache. B: How long have you been sick? A: Since yesterday. B: You seem to be generally run-down. A: What can I do? B: It's nothing serious, but you'd better stay in bed for a day or two. 4.A: I've got a temperature and my stomach hurts. B: How long have you been feeling this way? A: It all started the day before yesterday. B: You seem to have picked up some kind of infection. A: What should I do? B: Take a few days off from work and don't wear yourself out.

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求助 & 问路 & 找住房 Asking Favors 求助 When you ask for things, it is important to be polite. The intonation that you use in making your request is as important as what you actually say. When you think someone will refuse your request, you can ask the question in such a way that the refusal does not cause embarrassment. 1. A: Is there any chance of my borrowing your type-writer? B: For how long? A: Until the end of the week. B: Yes, I guess that would be all right. 2. A: Would you mind if I borrowed your car? B: Well, when exactly? A: Until Monday or Tuesday of next week. B: I'm sorry, but it's just not possible. 3. A: Do you think you could lend me some of your records? B: Until when? A: Oh, just over the holidays. B: I'm not sure. I'll have to think about it. 4. A: I was wondering if you'd let me stay with you for a few days. B: It really depends on when. A: Until next weekend, if that's OK. B: Let me think it over, and I'll let you know later. Asking for Directions 问路 People are usually helpful when you ask for directions. You should try to have the exact address and be as specific as possible. Telephone directories are the most common sourse of addresses. Remember that many cities and some towns are built in "blocks". People will often tell you, for example, to "go two blocks and turn right." 1.A:Excuse me, Can you tell me where Main Street is? B:Turn left at the second light and then go straight for two blocks. A:Is it far? B:No. It's only a five-minute walk. A:Thanks a lot. B:You're welcome. 2.A:Excuse me. Could you please tell me how to get to the station? B:Turn left at the first light. You can't miss it. A:Will it take me long to get there? B:No. It's not far at all. A:Thank you. B:Don't mention it. 3.A:Can you help me out? I'm trying to find a post office. B:Go three block and make a right. It's right there. A:Should I take the bus? B:No. It'll only take about five minutes to walk. A:Thank you very much. B:Any time. 4.A:Pardon me. I wonder if you could tell me how to get to Mott Street? B:Keep going straight for two blocks, then turn right o Elm Street and you'll run right into it. A:Is it too far to walk? B:Nl. It's only a little ways. A:Thanks. B:Sure. Have a good day. Finding a Room 找住房 In smaller cities and towns, it's usually quite easy to find a room to rent. This is especially true in towns where universities or college are located. 1.A: Do you take in students? B: Yes. If you don't mind sharing room, there's one available. A: How much is it? B: $30.00 a week. A: Do you think I could have a look at it, please? B: I'm on my way out now. Couldyou come back in an hour? 2.A: I've been told you might have a vacant room. B: Yes. I have a spare room. A: How much are you asking? B: $10.00 a night. A: Could I see the room, please? B: Sure. Come on in. 3.A: A friend told em I might find a room here. B: Yes. I'll have a room free next week. A: What do you charge? B: $25.00 a week, but you can't have visitors. A: Fine. Would It be OK to look at the room? B: Could you come back later? We're right in the middle of dinner. 4.A: I wonder if you can help me. I'm looking for a room. B: Yes. I've got a small room. A: How much do you charge? B: $35.00 a week, but don't allow smoking. A: OK. Can I see the room now? B: Would you mind waiting? I'm on the telephone.

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开场白 & 节日问候 & 老友重逢 & 告别 Introductios and Opening Conversations 介绍和开场白 People in the United States don't always shake hands when they are introduced to one another. However, in a formal or business situation people almost always shake hands. 1.A: Mary, this is Joe's brother David. B; I'm very glad to meet you. C: It's a pleasure to meet you. B: How do you like Texas so far? C: It's really different from what I expected. B: Don't worry. You'll get used to it in no time. 2.A: Mrs. Smith, I'd like to introduce a friend of mine, Pierre Dubois. B: How do you do? C: Hello. B: What's your impression of the United States? C: Well, I can't get over how different the weather is here. B: Oh, you'll get used to it soon! 3.A: Wendy, I'd like you to meet my brother Sam. B: Hi. C: Nice to meet you. B: What do you think of Dallas? C: Well, I'm still feeling a little homesick and so many things seem strange to me. B: You're bound to feel that way at first, I guess. 4.A: Mrs.Hughs, this is Peter Brown. B: Pleased to meet you. C: How do you do? B: I hope you're enjoying your stay here. C: If it weren't for the climate, I'd like it here very much. B: It always takes time to get used to a new place. Special Greetings 节假日的问候 There are eight national holidays celebrated in the United States: New Year's Day(Jan.), Washington's Birthday (Feb.), Memorial Day(May), the Fourth of July, Labor Day(Sep.),Veteran's Day(Nav.),Thanksgiving(Nov.) and Christmas(Dec.), In addition, there are many state and local holidays. 1. A: Merry Christmas! B: The same to you! A: Are you doing anyting special? B: We're having some friends over. What are you doing? A: Oh, I'm just going to take it easy. 2. A: Happy New Year! B: Thank you! Same to you. A: Have you got any plans? B: I've been invited over to la friend's. And you? A: My reemmate's having a party. 3. A: Have a nice Thanksgiving! B: Same to you! A: Are you going anywhere? B: I thought about going to my sister's. How about you? A: Oh, I'll probably just stay at home. 4. A: Have a nice weekend! B: Thanks. You too! A: Do you have any plans? B: Well, my family's away and I can't afford to do much. What about you? A: Oh, I haven't decided what I'm going to do yet. Meeting old friends 老友重逢 Many people shake hands when meeting after they havn't seen each other for a long time. 1. A: I haven't seen you for ages. You haven't been sich, have you? B: No, I've been in California for the past month. A: How nice. Where were you exactly? B: San Diego. I got back yesterday. 2. A: It's nice to see you again. Have you chaged jobs? B: No, I've been visiting relatives. A: That's nice. Where? B: I went to visit an uncle of mine in San Francisco. 3. A: You haven't been around much lately, have you? B: No, I've been away on vacation. A: Oh? Where were you? B: Palm Springs. I've got a cousin there. 4. A: Well, hello, stranger! Have you moved or something? B: No, I went to California for a few weeks. A: Oh, really? Where did you go? B: Los Angeles. I stayed with my brother. Saying Goodbye 告别 When you're far from friends and family, you can keep in touch with them by letters, post cards, short notes or phone calls. 1.A: I've come to say goodbye. B: When are you off? A: I'm flying home on Sunday afternoon. B: Well, goodbye. See you soon. A: Please don't forget to say goodbye to the rest of the family for me. 2.A: I'd like to say goodbye to everyone. B: What time are you going? A: My plane leaves at 7:25. B; Well, goodbye and have a good trip! A: Goodbye. Remember to look me up if you're ever in Washington. 3.A; I'm calling to say goodbye. B: When do you leave? A: I'm catching the 11:00 train. B: Take care of yourself and don't forget to keep in touch. A: Goodbye. Thanks again for everything. 4.A: I just dropped in to say goodbye. B: What time are you leaving? A: I'm going to try to leave by 10:00. B: Take care and give my best to your parents. A: Goodbye. Hope to see you again next year.

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乘出租汽车 & 坐公共汽车 Taking a Taxi 乘出租汽车 Taxi fares vary from city to city. In some cities, taxis have meters that tell you the fare. For long rides, it is a good idea to ask in advance what the approximate fare will be. This is especially true if you're taking a taxi from an airport. You should tip taxi drivers about 15% of the total fare. 1.A: Kennedy Airport, please. I have to be there by 7:00. B: I can't promise anything, but I'll do my best. B: OK. That'll be $12.00, please. A: Thanks a lot. Here. 2.A: Do you think you can get me to Union station by quarter after? B: We shoudn't have any trouble if the traffic isn't too heavy. B: You've got plenty of time. That's $7.65, please. A: Thank you very much. Here's $10.00. Give me $1.00 back, please. 3.A: The Hilton Hotel, please. I have a 10.30 appointment. B: You'll be there in plenty of time. B: Here we are. $8.50, please. A: Thank you. Here's $10.00. keep the change. 4.A: Grand Central Station, please. I want to try to catch a 6:00 train. B: I think you'll make it if we don't get stuck in a traffic jam. B: This is it. That's $9.15, please. A: Here. Take a Bus 坐公共汽车 In cities, buses have letters or numbers indicating their routes. Usually the exact fare is required because you can't get change on a bus. Long-distance travel by bus is common throughout the United States and Cannda. It is an inexpensive, scenic way to travel. Special tickets for unlimited travel are sometimes offered by the larger bus companies. 1.A: Does this bus go to the train station? B: No, You'll have to get off at the bank and take the A52. A: How long is the ride? B: About ten minutes. 2.A: Is this the bus for Park Ridge? B: No. It only goes as far as Main Street, but you can get the Number 31 there. A: How long does it take to get there? B: It only takes a few minutes. 3.A: Does this bus go to the beach? B: No. You're going the wrong way. You want the Number11. It stops in front of the post office. A: About how long does it take? B: Only fifteen minutes. 4.A：Is this the right bus for Pacific Boulevard? B: No. You should have taken the Yellow Line bus. You can get one at the next stop. A: Is it long ride? B: Not that long.