[推荐]新东方新概念第三册笔记(黄金破解版)

yogis

Notes on the Text 课文

Insuring public or private property is a standard practice in most countries

in the world.

---This practice is accepted and it is acceptable.

insuring 动名词做主语，具名词地功能也具动词的特点。

If, however,you were holding an open air garden party or a fete it would be

equally possible to insure yourself in the event of bad weather.

eqully=alike,in the same way

in the event of=in case of

---In the event of being sick,you'd better not go to the

party.为防生病，你最好不要去参加那个party了。

in the event that

---You must work harder and harder in the event that you get the

frustration.

---In the event that you will get the frustration you must work harder and

harder.

Needless to say,the bigger the risk an insurance company takes,the higher

the premium you will have to pay.

needless to say,插入语

the more……the more……

---The older you get,the more belongings you will

accumulate.年龄越大你积攒的东西就越多。

take the risk冒险，承担

It is not uncommon to hear that a shipping company has made a claim for the

cost of salvaging a sunken ship.

it is not uncommon to hear=it is quite common,双重否定用于强调语气

1、not＋否定adj is not unreasonable

2、not＋without I can't live without you.

3、no＋not/no ＋no 两个no都是用来修饰限定名词

---There is no cat that doesn't like fish.

---There is nothing he can't do.

---He does't have any meals without meat.

---There is no rule that has no exception/that doesn't have exception.

make a claim提出索赔要求

But the claim made by a local authority to recover the cost of salvaging a

sunker jpie dish must surely be unique.

unique＝very much particular独一无二

recover＝make up for弥补

Slef-discipline required a sedulous work.需要作出艰苦努力的自我约束。

句中to做claim的定语，不能in order to用替换。

But the .claim was made by a local authority in order to recover the

cost of ……

---From finding a right place to put the lastest edition.

---From finding the right place for us to put the latest edition.

这是一项可以使你学好英语的计划。

---This is a good plan for you in order to learn English well.(×）

---This is a good plan for you to learn English well.

The pie committee dicided that the best way to transport the dish would be

by canal

the best way to do sth.做某事的最好办法

Dancing proved to be more than the dish coule bear,for during the party it

capsized and sank in seven feet of water.

动名词＋prove（to be) more than……

The pie committee telephoned a local garage owner who arrived in a recovery

to salvage the pie dish.

此处to 可用in order to 替换

They had little difficulty in finding it,but hauling it out of the water

proved to be a serious problem.

difficulty 不可数名词，费力；可数名词，各种困难的事情

have little difficulty in h毫不费力

have much difficulty 很费力

haul 从下往上拖；drag 平行的拖拉，接触面的拖拉

The sides of the dish were so smooth that it was almost impossible to

attcach hawsers and chains to the rim without damaging it.

it was almost impossible……

attach to

attach＝tie 栓，系

rim=the sides of the dish

Eventually chains were fixed to one end of the dish and a powerful winch was

put into operation.

eventually=at last 语气比at last 强烈的多，重点强调经过努力而终于如何

终于：强调失败的结果用in the end

表示成功用at last ，eventually

finally只表示顺序的最后

put into operation=use

For one agonizing monent,the dish was perched precariously on the bank of

the canal,but it suddenly overvalanced and slid back into the water.

precariously=unsteady,unfirmly

slide back into 回复老样子

The men were now obliged to try once more.

be obliged to do=be forced to do

The dish now had to be lifted vertically because one edge was resting

against the side of the canal.

lift 提起，吊起，由低到高的动作

rest against 依靠，紧靠

There was a danger that the wave would rebound off the other side of the

bank and send the dish plunging into the water again.

that the wave ……为同位语从句修饰danger

rebound off 弹回

send 造成，使得＋ving（做宾语补足语）

---What send you doing so?什么使得你怎么做呢？

---If the huge wave had rebounded off the other side of the bank,the pie

dishi would have been sent to

water.如果当时大浪从对岸折回来的话，这个盘子就会重新落入水中。

---If the huge wave had rebounded off the other side of the bank,it would

have sent dish plunging into the water again.

By workong at tremendous speed ,the men managed to get the dish on to dry

land before the wave returned.

manage to do =be able to to,succeed in doing

--The ship capsized because of the rough wave.

Shiver v.打颤，发抖=tremble

整体的颤抖用shiver,部分的用tremble

--His hands are trembling.

--his trembling voive betrayed his secret.

--He is shivering with cold.

shudder 因为寒冷害怕等因素导致的全身抖动,可替换shiver

Haul v.拖曳=pull with effort our force强调用力拉

--The pauled the boat pu the beach.

pull应用范围最广,连续不断的拉

Drag 拖拉,强调二者有摩擦力

The stone was so heavy that I had to drag it into the room.

After a day’s hard work,I dragged myself home.

drag oneself to 拖着疲惫的身躯去

tug 飞快地拖拉,强调幅度大，动作快

--Look,a thief tug the bicycle.

yogis

Notes on the Text 课文

Insuring public or private property is a standard practice in most countries

in the world.

---This practice is accepted and it is acceptable.

insuring 动名词做主语，具名词地功能也具动词的特点。

If, however,you were holding an open air garden party or a fete it would be

equally possible to insure yourself in the event of bad weather.

eqully=alike,in the same way

in the event of=in case of

---In the event of being sick,you'd better not go to the

party.为防生病，你最好不要去参加那个party了。

in the event that

---You must work harder and harder in the event that you get the

frustration.

---In the event that you will get the frustration you must work harder and

harder.

Needless to say,the bigger the risk an insurance company takes,the higher

the premium you will have to pay.

needless to say,插入语

the more……the more……

---The older you get,the more belongings you will

accumulate.年龄越大你积攒的东西就越多。

take the risk冒险，承担

It is not uncommon to hear that a shipping company has made a claim for the

cost of salvaging a sunken ship.

it is not uncommon to hear=it is quite common,双重否定用于强调语气

1、not＋否定adj is not unreasonable

2、not＋without I can't live without you.

3、no＋not/no ＋no 两个no都是用来修饰限定名词

---There is no cat that doesn't like fish.

---There is nothing he can't do.

---He does't have any meals without meat.

---There is no rule that has no exception/that doesn't have exception.

make a claim提出索赔要求

But the claim made by a local authority to recover the cost of salvaging a

sunker jpie dish must surely be unique.

unique＝very much particular独一无二

recover＝make up for弥补

Slef-discipline required a sedulous work.需要作出艰苦努力的自我约束。

句中to做claim的定语，不能in order to用替换。

But the .claim was made by a local authority in order to recover the

cost of ……

---From finding a right place to put the lastest edition.

---From finding the right place for us to put the latest edition.

这是一项可以使你学好英语的计划。

---This is a good plan for you in order to learn English well.(×）

---This is a good plan for you to learn English well.

The pie committee dicided that the best way to transport the dish would be

by canal

the best way to do sth.做某事的最好办法

Dancing proved to be more than the dish coule bear,for during the party it

capsized and sank in seven feet of water.

动名词＋prove（to be) more than……

The pie committee telephoned a local garage owner who arrived in a recovery

to salvage the pie dish.

此处to 可用in order to 替换

They had little difficulty in finding it,but hauling it out of the water

proved to be a serious problem.

difficulty 不可数名词，费力；可数名词，各种困难的事情

have little difficulty in h毫不费力

have much difficulty 很费力

haul 从下往上拖；drag 平行的拖拉，接触面的拖拉

The sides of the dish were so smooth that it was almost impossible to

attcach hawsers and chains to the rim without damaging it.

it was almost impossible……

attach to

attach＝tie 栓，系

rim=the sides of the dish

Eventually chains were fixed to one end of the dish and a powerful winch was

put into operation.

eventually=at last 语气比at last 强烈的多，重点强调经过努力而终于如何

终于：强调失败的结果用in the end

表示成功用at last ，eventually

finally只表示顺序的最后

put into operation=use

For one agonizing monent,the dish was perched precariously on the bank of

the canal,but it suddenly overvalanced and slid back into the water.

precariously=unsteady,unfirmly

slide back into 回复老样子

The men were now obliged to try once more.

be obliged to do=be forced to do

The dish now had to be lifted vertically because one edge was resting

against the side of the canal.

lift 提起，吊起，由低到高的动作

rest against 依靠，紧靠

There was a danger that the wave would rebound off the other side of the

bank and send the dish plunging into the water again.

that the wave ……为同位语从句修饰danger

rebound off 弹回

send 造成，使得＋ving（做宾语补足语）

---What send you doing so?什么使得你怎么做呢？

---If the huge wave had rebounded off the other side of the bank,the pie

dishi would have been sent to

water.如果当时大浪从对岸折回来的话，这个盘子就会重新落入水中。

---If the huge wave had rebounded off the other side of the bank,it would

have sent dish plunging into the water again.

By workong at tremendous speed ,the men managed to get the dish on to dry

land before the wave returned.

manage to do =be able to to,succeed in doing

--The ship capsized because of the rough wave.

Shiver v.打颤，发抖=tremble

整体的颤抖用shiver,部分的用tremble

--His hands are trembling.

--his trembling voive betrayed his secret.

--He is shivering with cold.

shudder 因为寒冷害怕等因素导致的全身抖动,可替换shiver

Haul v.拖曳=pull with effort our force强调用力拉

--The pauled the boat pu the beach.

pull应用范围最广,连续不断的拉

Drag 拖拉,强调二者有摩擦力

The stone was so heavy that I had to drag it into the room.

After a day’s hard work,I dragged myself home.

drag oneself to 拖着疲惫的身躯去

tug 飞快地拖拉,强调幅度大，动作快

--Look,a thief tug the bicycle.

yogis

tow 借助外力拖拉较大较重的物体

They towed the huge stone with a truck/lorry.

agonizing a.精神紧张的，提心吊胆的

agonize v.使精神紧张，使极度痛苦

This frustration agonized him.

agonized 感到提心吊胆的

agony n.=great pain极度痛苦，常用介词in

在英文中需注意意境，如

At the news he is an agony of joy.听到这个消息，他感到极度的高兴。

perch vi.位于（高处）be on the hige position

perch on 栖息

A brid perched on the branch of the tree of the moment.

The little village perches among the hills.

stand v.高高地矗立

Look,a great tree stands on the mountain.

Locate ,situate是正式用语，vt be located/situated＋介词＝lie

Knock sb off his perch 打败，击败

--I knocked him off his perch yesterday.

Come off one’s perch 不再骄傲自大

Put your pride in your pocket.不要妄自尊大

After his failure,he came off his perch.

☆precariously adv.危险地，不稳固地

precarious =unsafe,not firm,not steady :强调不安全，不稳定，不稳固

An actor’s life would be too precarious for me.演员的生活很不稳定。

dangerous:强调很危险

Playing with matches is dangerous.

hazardous 碰运气的，冒险的,具变幻莫测之义

Climbing the high mountain is hazardous.

adventruous:爱冒险的，胆子很大的

Are you adventurous?

perilous :语义程度比dangerous要高得多，强调被伤害或被伤害或被杀害的危险

It is perilous to do so.这样做会丢命的！

overbalance v.失去平衡

clamp n.夹钳，夹板

Vertically adv.垂直地

adj vertical

反义词：horizontally平行地－－horizontal

I draw a line horizontally,and I draw another line vertically.

Vertical

Horizontally adv.平行地

Horizontal a.平等的

torrent n.激流，洪流

rebound v 弹回

The ball is rebounded.

Text 课文

Insuring public or private property is a standard practice in most countries

in the world.

This practice is accepted and it is acceptable.

insuring 动名词做主语，具名词地功能也具动词的特点。

If, however,you were holding an open air garden party or a fete it would be

equally possible to insure yourself in the event of bad weather.

eqully=alike,in the same way

in the event of=in case of

In the event of being sick,you'd better not go to the

party.为防生病，你最好不要去参加那个party了。

in the event that

You must work harder and harder in the event that you get the frustration.

In the event that you will get the frustration you must work harder and

harder.

Needless to say,the bigger the risk an insurance company takes,the higher

the premium you will have to pay.

needless to say,插入语

the more……the more……

The older you get,the more belongings you will

accumulate.年龄越大你积攒的东西就越多。

take the risk冒险，承担

It is not uncommon to hear that a shipping company has made a claim for the

cost of salvaging a sunken ship.

it is not uncommon to hear=it is quite common,双重否定用于强调语气

1、not＋否定adj is not unreasonable

2、not＋without I can't live without you.

3、no＋not/no ＋no 两个no都是用来修饰限定名词

There is no cat that doesn't like fish.

There is nothing he can't do.

He does't have any meals without meat.

There is no rule that has no exception/that doesn't have exception.

make a claim提出索赔要求

yogis

But the claim made bu a local authority to recover the cost of salvaging a

sunker jpie dish must surely be unique.

unique＝very much particular独一无二

recover＝make up for弥补

Slef-discipline required a sedulous work.需要作出艰苦努力的自我约束。

句中to做claim的定语，不能in order to用替换。

From finding a right place to put the lastest edition.

From finding the right place for us to put the latest edition.

这是一项可以使你学好英语的计划。

This is a good plan for you in order to learn English well.(×）

This is a good plan for you to learn English well.

The pie committee dicided that the best way to transport the dish would be

by canal

the best way to do sth.做某事的最好办法

Dancing proved to be more than the dish coule bear,for during the party it

capsized and sank in seven feet of water.

动名词＋prove（to be) more than……

The pie committee telephoned a local garage owner who arrived in a recovery

to salvage the pie dish.

此处to 可用in order to 替换

They had little difficulty in finding it,but hauling it out of the water

proved to be a serious problem.

difficulty 不可数名词，费力；可数名词，各种困难的事情

have much difficulty 很费力

haul 从下往上拖；drag 平行的拖拉，接触面的拖拉

The sides of the dish were so smooth that it was almost impossible to

attcach hawsers and chains to the rim without damaging it.

it was almost impossible……

attach to

attach＝tie 栓，系

rim=the sides of the dish

Eventually chains were fixed to one end of the dish and a powerful winch was

put into operation.

eventually=at last 语气比at last 强烈的多，重点强调经过努力而终于如何

终于：强调失败的结果用in the end

表示成功用at last ，eventually

finally只表示顺序的最后

put into operation=use

For one agonizing monent,the dish was perched precariously on the bank of

the canal,but it suddenly overvalanced and slid back into the water.

precariously=unsteady,unfirmly

slide back into 回复老样子

The men were now obliged to try once more.

be obliged to do=be forced to do

The dish now had to be lifted vertically because one edge was resting

against the side of the canal.

lift 提起，吊起，由低到高的动作

rest against 依靠，紧靠

There was a danger that the wave would rebound off the other side of the

bank and send the dish plunging into the water again.

that the wave ……为同位语从句修饰danger

rebound off 弹回

send 造成，使得＋ving（做宾语补足语）

What send you doing so?什么使得你怎么做呢？

If the huge wave had rebounded off the other side of the bank,the pie dishi

would have been sent to

water.如果当时大浪从对岸折回来的话，这个盘子就会重新落入水中。

If the huge wave had rebounded off the other side of the bank,it would have

sent dish plunging into the water again.

By workong at tremendous speed ,the men managed to get the dish on to dry

land before the wave returned.

manage to do =be able to to,succeed in doing

yogis

Lesson 44 Speed and comfort 速度和舒适

New words and expression 生词和短语s 生词短语

positively adv. 绝对地，完全地

in positive way.

the food is positively uneatable

can you really do it positively? 相当于 sure, of course, certainly, no problem.

compartment n. 分隔间或单间

cramped adj.窄小的

stuffy adj. 憋气的，闷气的

同义词:

airless

monotonous adj. 枯燥的，乏味的

I don''t like the way of your teaching, it is monotonous.

I hate the monotonous rhythm of travelling by train.

同义词：

tendious 乏味的，重点突出long and uninteresting.

dull = interesting

I can''t get along well with Mary, she is a dull girl.

Look at that dull person.

tiresome = tiring 由于疲劳而厌倦

He is tried of sleeping on the floor, because he has done so for ten years.

Long lasting meeting are tiring.

You are a little bit tiresome.

I am tired of doing so. --> be tired of

I am bored with doing so. --> be bored with

rhythm n. 有节奏的运动

click v. 发出咔哒声

lull v. 催人欲睡

The mother lulled her baby to sleep.

--> lull sb to sleep.

What a good day, the wind lulled! 风和日利

lullaby 催眠曲

snatch n. 短时，片段

in snatches 断断续续地

It rains in snatches.

On the train, we sleep in snatches.

sleeper n. 卧铺

fumble v.乱摸，摸索

He fumbled the door open. 他摸索着把门打开了。

He fumbled in his pocket for the key. 他在口袋里摸索着钥匙。

inspection n.检查

inevitably adv. 必然地

Human beings are motal,so inevitably we make mistakes,no matter how wise and eminent you are.

destination n.目的地

exhaust v.使精疲力尽

I am exhausted. 我筋疲力尽了

What exhaustes you? 什么使你筋疲力尽呀？

I am tired out.

同义词

wear out 使疲劳，使磨损

Look, your dress is worn out. 瞧，你的衣服穿坏了

After a day''s work hard, I am worn out.

knock sb out 把某人打昏，使疲劳

That''s a miracle that the old lady knocked the boxer out.

The arduous work knocked me out. 这项艰难的工作使我筋疲力尽。

fatigue 使筋疲力尽，使疲劳（书面）

The piece of work fatigues me.

motorway n.快车道

ferry n. 渡船

cruise n.巡游船

civilize v.使文明

spacioius adj. 宽敞的

Is your classroom spacious?

Our classroom is not so spacious as that one.

I would like to lie in the spacious classroom instead of sitting here.

同义词：

rommy

a roomy house

capacious 容量大的 capacity 容量

commodious 宽敞的，便利的 roomy and conventient

The cinema is commodious = The cinema is both roomy and convenient.

expansive 易膨胀的，广阔的

I''d like to appreciate expansive sea/ocean. 我喜欢欣赏浩瀚的海洋

vast 幅员辽阔的

The desert in our country is vast, that is a major problem

extensive 广泛的，广阔的 extensive reading 泛读 intensive reading 精读

You can enlarge your vocabulary by intensive reading.

widespread 流传广的，分布广的

The kind of news is widespread.

far-reaching 触及很远的，流传久远的

I have a good idea and it is far-reaching.

seasick adj.晕船的

airsick 晕飞机的/

carsick 晕车的

bussick 晕公交车的

bicyclesick 晕自行车的

homesick 想家的。

intimidate v.恐吓，恫吓

Nothing can intimidate me.

disadvantage n.短处，缺点

exhilarating adj. 使人高兴的

I''m exhilarated by your visit. 对于你的来访我是高兴极了。

同义词：

stimulate 刺激，激励 stimulate sb to do sth.

Your courage stimulated me to do so.

inspire 激励（通过言辞） inspire sb to do

stir 鼓舞，鼓动 Who stired you to do it like this? You should look before you leap.

spur 刺激 His rude remarks spured me.

encourage He always encourages me to study hard when I am unwilling to do so.

escapist n.逍遥者

sip v.呷， drink a little at a time. ---> take a sip of 喝一点

I''m really thirsty, would you mind me taking a sip of your coffee?

I''m so hungry that I want to have a taste of your cake.

You can take a sip of my coffee, but my cake only belongs to me.

champagne n.香槟酒

refinement n.精心的安排

refine 使人精力充沛

Coffee always refined us.

Coffee always made us fresh.

breathtaking adj. 激动人心的

The picture takes my breath. 这幅画太美了。

The girl takes my breath.

The beautiful dress takes my breath.

decide to go for a trip 决定旅行

We decided to go for a breathtaking trip.

soar v.高飞

We can''t soar in the blue sky.

effortlessly adv. 不费力地

landscape n.景色 = extraordinary sight

同义词：

scenery 自然风光 secne 场面 view 透过窗户看到的景色

Our classroom doesn''t have a good view.

The rising sun in Tai Mountain is a spectacle.

fresh adj. 精神饱满的

a fresh man

Look at that guy, he is really fresh.

uncrumpled adj. 没有跨下来

He went home fresh and uncrumpled.

yogis

Notes on the Text 课文注释

现在分词短语修饰people

People who travel long distance frequently.

frequently 定期地，经常地 quite often

have to decide = have to make up their mind.

would rather; would sooner 要和动词原形搭配

had better do 最好做...

would perfer to do.

would rather do.

hardly + anyone 等不定式时不倒装，在这相当于nobody;

或 nearly nobody, virtually nobody.

----------------------------------------------------

exhausted 在这里是形容词做状语

wear out; tire out' fatigue; knock out

The writer emphasizes disadvantage of travelling by train.

Travelling by car is more unpleasant than travelling in the train.

fairly的语气最弱的

more often than not 主要用在书面语言当中，means very often ,usually, frequently

by comparison 通过对比

off = provide

comforts 在这儿指代 service

be likely to do 有可能...

it is probable that

could not be + 形容词比较级

can not be + 形容词比较级

no ... could be

Nobody can be more beautiful than you.

No place can/could be better. 没有什么地方比这儿更好。

relatively 相对来讲

A large number of people are prepared to sacifice their higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar.

Relatively, few people are prepared to sacifice their holiday fime for the dubious pleasure of travelling by sea.

dubious = uncertian = doubtful

Aeroplanes are famous/well-known for its being dangerous.

have the disadvantage of

have the reputation of

match sb for

but nothing can be equal to them.

在第二部分当中是采用对比法

It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey.

You don't have to/needn't devise ways of taking your mind off the journey.

hardly

You had hardly had time to feel tired when you arrived at your destination.

on some services 在这里指代 on airplane.

keep one's mind off 转移注意力

keep sb occupied 集中注意力

however = no matter how

If you can do without the few pleasures of travelling by land, you will find aeroplanes provide us with the best.

Please illustrate the disadvantage and advantage of studying abroad.

at first, you must illustrate your topic, the disadvantage of studying at home.

the disvantage of studying abroad

最后通过实例详细论述出国留学的好处。

支持段一般是由一段或两段组成，目的是支持论点。

每段的开头一句话和最后一句话一定要和主题密切联系。

最主要的方法有三种： 对比法，比较法，例证法

结尾段起到的作用是再次肯定和强调主题，加深读者印象。

段落是由主题句，扩展句组成。 扩展句之后是具体的例子。

想表达不同的理论概念，要用转折句。

主题句应该要简练，要明确地表达中心思想。

主题句应该具有概括性，但是概括又不能太宽泛。

主题句确立之后，还要进一步利用扩展句来说明解释主题句的内容。

重复使用关键词。

内容要连贯。

衔接词的使用

1、起。 at first ,first, firstly, in the beginning, first of all

at present, nowaday, currently, to start with, to begin with, for one thing

for another, in one hand, in the other hand.

2、承。 to start with; at the same time; at any rate; besides; apart from; in addition;

in addition to; furthermore; in fact; actually; as a matter of fact; in reality;

moreover; no doubt; without any doubt; similarly; in the same way; meanwhile;

in the meantime; obviously; particularly; such as; for example; for instance;

consequently; as a consequence; as a result; what is more; what is better;

3、折。 after all; all the same; anyway; somehow; but; however; nevertheness; nonetheless;

conversely; by this time; on the contray; despite; in despite of;

in contempt of; in disregard of; by contrast; by comparison; fortunately;

in other words; on the other hand; unlike; whereas;

4、合。 主要是用来小结上文的或是用做结尾段。

accordingly; as has been noted(above); as has been mentioned; as has been talked of;

at last; finally; lastly; at length; briefly; in brie; in short; in a word;

in conculsion; in sum; in summary; to sum up; to summarize; to conclude;

no doubt; undoubtedly; truly; certainly; positively; surely; obviously;

on the whole;

可以使用谚语作为 topic

as the saying goes; as proverb goes;

定义法

可以使用提问法

比如说： illustrate your opinion about friendship

Do you have a good/large circle of friends?

概括法： I quite agree with this idea.

间接开头法： 先叙述别人的观点，然后引出自己的真实看法。

在读文章时

1、注意结构安排

2、找出文章关键词

3、注意每一自然段的段首段尾

Special difficulties 难点

Cramped and stuffy : not roomy, not spacious lacking space, airless,

Lacking space and air

Monotonous : unchanging

Lulls : cause to sleep

In snatches: not continuously

Destination : terminal

Destination is a place where someone are going.

Stretch your legs: have a rest, go for a walk

Sacrifice: give up for a purpose.

yogis

Multiple choice questions 多项选择

1、 d

the great disadvantage that shared by train and car travel alike is

alike : as well

D. was adored by the rich and poor alike.

2、c

distraction : 转移注意力

such… as 比如…

He can speak such languages as English, Japanese, Chinese.

3、c

No forms of transport can be more comfortable and faster than aeroplanes.

4、d

5、b

6、a

如果内心的期望和事实没有关系，表达‘如果’采用的结构形式不是if，不是suppose，而是providing or provided.

I’ll take all the shirts if/provided you reduce the price to $1 each.

7、c

in addition 表示承上启下，除此外还有

如果用apart from , besides, in addition to , 必须和宾语进行搭配。

It 是形式主语

It is no use crying. 哭没有用。

It is no use pretending that I didn’t see him.. 假装没看见他是没有用的。

8、d

if it is not = if it is not calm

be prone to sth. To 在这是介词，相当于be likely to do 表示极有可能。

During cold winter, we are likely to catch cold.

During cold winter, we are prone to cold.

9、b

10、a

sit up 不睡觉 = stay up

install 安装，固定

let’s install a television set on the wall..

11、c

spectacle = landscape

scenery 自然风光

scene 场景

12、b

get over 从…恢复过来

He hasn’t got over his wife’s death

He doesn’t get over his illness.

Get away from 从…逃脱掉

Lesson 45 The power of the press 新闻报道的威力

New words and expression 生词和短语

democratic adj.民主的democratic country民主的国家

restrict vt.限制=keep within a certain limit.

--The prisoners’ activity is restricted within narrow limits.

辨析

limit 表示时间,空间,程序等方面的限定,且限定到某一个点,如果超出这个点很可能受到惩罚。

restrict只说明限制范围

--Land development must be limited.我们必须限制土地的开发。

--He restricts himself to two cigarettes everyday.他每天限制自己抽两只烟。

restrict sb to

confine v.控制在……范围内

confine sb.to

--I confine myself to two cigarettes a day.

--The boy is confined to the dark room.

--The boy is restricted to the dark room.

cramp vt.限制（某人的活动或限制动植物的生长）

--Nobody can cramp children.

--You can not cramp my activity.

hamper v.限制，妨碍,困累

--What hampered you to do so?

--The housewife has a lots to do every day,because she is hampered by povert被贫困所困扰。

--My limited vocabulary hampers my reading.

impede v.限制，阻碍（相当于hamper）

impede doing sth

--Nothing will impede my studying English.

bound v.限定，以……为界限

abuse v.滥用

--Don’t abuse your authority.不要乱用职权。

--We shouldn’t abuse oue rights.不要乱用自己的权力。

--For VIP,they shouldn’t abuse their privilege.

untold a.=too many to be counted 数不尽的

--There are untold stars in the sky.

--I am afflicted by/with untold anxieties.

numerous a.无数的

countless a.无数的

--As hunma being ,we can’t keep ourselves free from countless anxieties.

countable:can be counted

uncountable

numberless无数的，没有房号的

--This is a numberless room.

numberable 数得清的

innumberable 不能数得清的

perpetual a.永久的，永远的(不休止的，一直持续下去的,用于不易受阻的)

--They are as poor as church mouse, they are have to struggle against perpetual poverty.

permanent a.

eternal

everlasting

--Lasting for a long time

constant a.连续的，不断的(perpetual最好的释义)

constantly adv.连续不断地

continuous a.连续不断的

--They have continuous discussion.

--They made great success in their continuous attempt.

continual a.频繁的

continually adj.

--It rains continually .

--It is raining continuously/constantly.

lasting a.(书面上用everlasting)持久的，耐久的

--The pair of trousers is lasting.

--Generally speaking ,jeans are lasting.

endless 　a.

--You can appreciate endless unbroken clouds.

--Studing English is our perpetual(endless) task.

eternal a.永恒的，永久的，不朽的（=immortal）

--His name is immortal because the longest suspension bridge was named for him.

temporary a.临时的

permanent a.非临时的，永久的

--In a big city, sometimes we can not get permanent job.

obscurity n.默默无闻

In obscurity

obscure adj.不起眼的

--The bus stopped at a obscure bus stop.

radically adv.彻底地，完全地=Completely,entirely,thoroughly,fully,inclusive

exclusive a.独占的，独家的；排外的，排他的(not shared with others)

--The swimming pool is for my exclusive use.

exclusive right 独权

--The school is exclusive ,only very clever children can go to it.

--The store is exclusive, only very wealthy people can visit it.

commodity n.商品

--commodity econnomy商品经济commodity market商品市场

goods,wares

yogis

Text 课文（全文背诵）

In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned.

effort企图（语气强烈）

try;attempt尝试

make every effort;spare no effort;make every endeavor

go to great iengths

blame责备

scold

reproach

reprimand

condemn正式的谴责

deed 行为，行径

--Your deeds should be rightly condemned.

However, this freedom can easily be abused.

forest authorites森林当局

education authorites教育当局

the authorites有关当局

the authorites of the press新闻界当局

Stories about people often attract far more public attention than political events.

According to this sentence,we know we are much more interested in private stories.

Sometimes some people even want to smell out people’s secrets or particular scandals.

far相当于much加强语气

Though we may enjoy reading about the lives of others, it is extremely doubtful whether we would equally enjoy reading about ourselves.

lives of others替代story about people

extremely doubtful=extremely uncertain=extremely dubious

--If a family skeleton is reviewed,one’s reputation will be damaged/destroyed/spoiled/ruined immediately.

equally=in the same way=alike

--We wouldn’t like our secret to be reviewed.

Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives.(要点句型)

When stories published in detalls by the press are wonderful,you will become famous very soon.

If the story is terrible,your reputation will be ruined immediately.

act on 以。。。来行事，遵循。。。来行事

that引导的部分是contention的同位语从句

Newspapers exert such tremendous influence that they can not only bring about major changes to the lives of ordinary people but can even overthrow a government.

exert…on sth

--bring about 带来，导致

--lead to

--cause

--result in

major:great,considerable

--In the first paragraph the writer illustrate how powerful the press is in the general way.

The story of a poor family that acquired fame and fortune overnight, dramatically illustrates the power of the press.

acquire=gain=obtain

--acquire gortune发财

--make fortune

The family lived in Aberdeen, a small town of 23,000 inhabitants in South Dakota.

inhabitant=dweller

--the city dweller城市居住者

--the country dweller乡村居住者

They were expecting their sixth child and faced with even more pressing economic problems.

expect a baby

in the interesting condition

in the family way

pregnant

be faced with面临

--The window faces the south.窗户朝南。

--In the process of studing English,We are faced with a great many problems,which should be surmounted.

surmount克服

solve problem解决问题

--In the process of studing English,We are faced with a great many problems,which should be surmounted/got rid of/removed as quickly as possible.

economic problem=poverty

pressing 紧迫的

If they had only had one more child, the fact would have passed unnoticed. They would have continued to struggle against economic odds and would have lived in obscurity.

虚拟语气，与过去事实相反的状况

unnoticed形容词做状语

odds n.各种让人烦的小事

bear 容忍，生育 born是bear的过去分词

attract the attention of the press

The rise to the fame is swift.=Their being famous was rapid.

Newspapers and magazines offered the family huge sums for the exclusive rights to publish stories and photographs.

huge sums=huge sums of money

care of 关心

Reporters kept pressing for interviews so lawyers had to be employed to act as spokesmen for the family at press conferences.

press for=demand形象地表达出不停的催问

--The students kept pressing for examinations.

Vocabulary

restrict:限制(restrict to)

--confine(confine to),limit

equally:同样地

--alike,in the same way/degree

contention:论点

--argument

untold:数也数不清的

--countless,uncountable,numerous,innumerable,numberless

acquired:以获得的

--got,gained,obtained

perpetual struggle:永无休止的斗争

--fight

in obscurity:默默无闻的，不出名的

--not being well-known

Comprension

1…b…. The argue that

affect:负面的影响

Acting on the contention that facts are sacred, reporters can cause untold suffering to individuals by publishing details about their private lives.(背熟)

contention=argue

2…d…

3…d…take interest in

Structure 结构

4…b…结构比较要一致be interested in…

5…a…标志是but ànot only…but

b: not only用在句首，句子必须倒装can they

c: such that they cannot only：not only用在动词之前并倒装:not only can they

d:so修饰形容词或副词，如果强调的是一个主干的名词部分，用such

6…a…被动语态

7…b…remain(系动词)不能用进行时态，系动词不能接动词不定式

8…a…

9…d...bring about=wield

press:榨汁；熨烫；按住，压住(n.)出版，发行

invoke:求助，祈求

impose:强加于人

wield:造成

10…c…make repeated requests for=pressing for:不断的催问，要求

11…c…on behalf of:代表

instead of:代替on account of=because offor the sake of:出于。。。的缘故

12…a…商品化的牺牲者(victim)

yogis

Lesson 47 Too high a price 代价是否太高

New words and expression 生词和短语

pollution n..污染

相应词型: pollute, polluted, pollution, polluter

More and more water is been polluted.

Pollution is the major problem we are faced with.

Gases from cars are one of the polluters of air pollution.

Contaminate taint defile pollute poison

overpopulated adj.人口多的

overpeopled

sparsely-populated community 人口稀疏的地区

sparsely-peopled

population 人口数量

What’s the population in your country?

The city has a population of two million.

Our dear motherland is faced with a major problem that is population explosion. 人口暴长

populous adj. 正式，强调一个地区人口众多，拥挤

The bus here is crowded, so I decide to switch for the next one.

The narrow street is populous with people.

The most populous province in China is SiChuan.

over-industrialized adj.过度工业化的

sheer adj.纯粹的，不掺杂的

1. pure unmixed

2. steep

It is very difficult for us to climb sheer mountain.

The cliff is so sheer that you can’t climb it.

3. complete

What are you talking about sheer nonsense?

4. transparent

During hot summer, ladies and girls would like to wear sheer silk stockings.

worldwide adv.在全世界

overwhelm v.制服，使不知所措

He was overwhelmed by grief. 悲伤至极

Grief seized him.

Your kindness quite overwhelms me. （I appreciates your kindness.）

The problem overwhelmes (is beyond/above) me.

辨析： conquer征服，占领，克服 He conquered the city.

口头上表达克服困难：overcome, get rid of (difficulties)

书面语insurmountable 艰难的

vanquish 征服，暗含击败含义

pollute v.污染

pesticide n.杀虫剂

fertilizer n.肥料

salmonella n.沙门氏菌

listeria n.利斯特杆菌

vegetarian n.吃素的人

organically-grown adj.有机培植（不施化肥和其他化学药品培植）

insidious adj.暗中为害的

urban adj.城市的

burglar n.窃贼

burgle v.入室偷窃

burgle into a house

scream v.尖叫

scream at

profound adj.极度的

替换词：

deep, complete

Yesterday he had a profound sleep.

intense, extreme

He is afflicted with profound anxieties.

knowledgable

He is a profound scholar.

irritation n.烦躁

irritate 使烦躁

noises always irritate us.

irritated 感到烦躁的

irritating 令人烦躁的

incessantly adv.连续不断的

perpetual struggle, permanent job, eternal love, continuance rain, continual, continually, constant struggle

incessant =continuous 侧重连续不断的

It has been raining incessantly for 3 hours.

There is a week of incessant rains.

ceaseless =endless, none stop, unbroken

uninterrupted

Last night I had an uninterrupted party.

He gave us a talk uninterrupted.

Undisturbed

whine v.发呜呜声

helicopter n.直升飞机

maximum adj.最大的

technology n.技术

contribution n.贡献

mobile adj.可移动的

snore v.打鼾

offender n.冒犯者

staggering adj.令人惊愕的

surprise, amaze, astonish, astound, astounding

The old lady reported to the police and they felt astounded/found it staggering.

trumpet v.吹号

partner n.伙伴

yogis

Text 课文

Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated, over industrialized planet. (背诵)

I was blamed for being late.

Losing health is the price he paid for his hard work.

When you come to think about it, there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something you can use again, attempt to produce less of it.

利用支持句论述观点

Come to=get to

并列平行结构，突出deal with，处理，后面用动词而非名词。

There are some good ways to study English well: listen, speak, read, and write. 用语气强调study。

There are four good ways to study English: listening, speaking, reading and writing. 强调ways。

reuse it recycle it

We keep trying all four methods, but sheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide threatens to overwhelm us. (背诵)

The writer wants to illustrate if the volume of rubbish is growing everyday, we wouldn’t have a good way to solve the problem.

volume=amount

threaten to do

The coming earthquake threatens the village.

promise 预测好的未来

threaten 预测恶运，坏兆头

Dark clouds threaten a heavy storm.

The sun promises a good day.

It is possible for a rubbish to destroy our world.

overwhelming: something is beyond your control

两自然段衔接自然，由rubbish引入其他污染。

The need to produce every increasing quantities of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution. (背诵)

不定式to做定语表示要发生的

lead to=result in/cause/bring about

The price we pay for cheap food may be already too high. (背诵)

If you think you’ll abandon meat and become a vegetarian, you have the choice of very expensive organically-grown vegetables or a steady diet of pesticides every time you think you’re eating fresh salads and vegetables, or just having an innocent glass of water!

abandon: 强调被迫放弃 be forced to give up

organically-grown vegetables: 绿色蔬菜

every time: whenever

innocent: Water is innocent, but human being pollute them.

However, there is an even more insidious kind of pollution that particularly affects urban areas and invades our daily lives, and that is noise. (背诵)

however: We are quite clear, rubbish, cheap food and vegetable are terrible, but there is more dangerous pollution in front of you.

Insidious: 暗中为害，阴险的，这里强调更严重的

Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle.

going off 作定语修饰说明burglar alarms

换成定语从句

Burglar alarms that go off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle.

assist, annoy 平行，to 不必重复

Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street and are a source of profound irritation. (背诵)

constantly, incessantly, continuously

不用lead to，用了比较规范的书面用语 are a source of

Her husband earns a lot of money every mouth and he is a source of income. 摇钱树

The survey revealed a large number of sources of noise that we really dislike. （背诵） 综述语句

列举一系列事实时，注意句式结构保持一致，与之相呼应的词：sources of noise，所以用名词结构

lawn mower: 割草机 container trucks: 集装箱卡车

New technology has also made its own contribution to noise. (背诵)

According to this sentence, the writer illustrates another cause.

make contribution t In fact, the writer wants to say, new technology had also led to/result in noise. 从讽刺反面的角度去表述的

contribute t 引起，导致，是….的起因

Air pollution contributes to disease.

Object to/take objection to/against

Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat. (背诵)

According to these examples, the writer wants to show why mobile phone is one source of noise.

The noise pollution survey revealed a rather surprising and possibly amusing old fashioned source of noise.

The air pollution survey revealed that in the world there are 10 big cities have been polluted terribly, and one of them is China.

It turned out to be snoring!

turn out :prove

Men were found to be the worst offenders.

offend: 惹怒 offender: 罪魁祸首

采用被动语态：客观描述，而非突出人发现

It is said… 据说

It is revealed… 据纰漏

It is announced… 据宣布

20% of men in their mid-thirties/in their early thirties/in their thirties/in their late thirties.

against these figures

Comparing these figures, we found…

are woken: 被惊醒 keep awake: 不能入睡

Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory. (背诵)

综述，对第三段的概括与总结

与Lesson 44, page 204, line 28对比：

However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain…

要求背诵的语句，都不是具体的实例，而是综述

Vocabulary 词汇

dump: drop completely

sheer: volume: pure amount

rubbish: garbage

lead t result in, cause, bring about

dairy: a place where milk is kept and milk product are made

abandon: give up

organically-grown: using farming or gardening methods without artificial chemicals or fertilizer

Multiple choice questions 多项选择

1. c

2. b

The root cause of pollution in agriculture is the twin pressures to produce more food and at lower cost. (背诵)

root n. 修饰cause

twin 表示密切相关联的两种压力

3. a

the most distressing 最让人不能集中注意力的

4. c

Snoring causes a severe noise problem for women of all ages.（背诵）

5. a

a way to do/of doing

6. c

7. a

people traveling around the world (lesson 44) quite often 不表示正在进行，而表示主动的动作

people who travel around the world quite often

8. a

强调句式

9. c (背诵)

原文中用make contribution to

play an important role/part in sth.

do its bit: 尽本分做应该做的

do a share: 做好分内的工作

10. c

原文中用 object to

take exception against/to

offend: 冒犯、触怒、使不舒服

take offence at sb./sth.

11. a （背诵）

显露出来：bring sth. to light 及物动词短语 come to light 不及物动词短语

The information came to light.

It was the captain who brought the information to light.

12. b

原文中用 against

by comparison

by comparison wit sth.